Math anxiety's negative effects on performance are well-documented. The interplay of math anxiety and mathematical competence regarding later performance is underexplored. We investigated whether math anxiety's detrimental effects on learning depend on previous mathematical competence. Hypothesizing a moderation effect, we expected that trait math…

With the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, school-related closures and the hasty transition into homeschooling, parents were required to take a more active and positive role than ever before in collaboration with their children's educators. Thus, with this unprecedented situation, parents became an important source of information during the…

The present study investigates the incremental validity of the traditional books-at-home measure and selected extensions (i.e., number of children's books and number of ebooks) for explaining students' academic achievement as measured by their academic language comprehension. Using multiple linear regressions, we additionally explore the role of…

Goal complexes, which are formed by pairing standards of competence strivings with their underlying reasons, are essential to an understanding of achievement goal regulation. This paper examines goal complexes that cross other-approach and other-avoidance goals with the approach-avoidance dimensions of Big Three motives as underlying reasons. 220…

A longitudinal science intervention with students from ethnic-racial underrepresented groups in an urban area examined the roles of intervention participation and STEM relationships in implicit and explicit science identity and attitudes and social belonging. Across a four-week geoscience program, Black, Latinx, and Native American/Alaskan Native…

Student perpetrated violence against teachers is widespread, yet few studies differentiate teacher experiences of violence by school level (i.e., elementary, middle, and high school). This study, based upon 2,558 pre-kindergarten through 12th grade teacher survey responses, revealed differences in types of student aggression against teachers by…

Lower vocabulary in German is repeatedly reported for students with Turkish migration background attending school in Germany. We investigated whether in students of Turkish descent (a) learning vocabulary is impaired when the teacher activates the negative stereotype that students with Turkish family language learn less well and (b) whether a…

School alienation is a sense of estrangement from learning and knowledge, which is related with low academic achievement and often influenced by negative relationship with teacher and classmate, negatively affecting the student psychological well-being. In accordance with self-determination theory, the interpersonal context may or may not support…

Researchers and educators have increasingly recognized the importance of classroom discussions about race and racism--"race talk"--for student development, yet teachers often face significant psychological barriers to engaging students in race talk. This research draws on two large samples of U.S. K-12 teachers to examine how teachers'…

Academic self-efficacy, self-esteem, and grit (i.e., perseverance of effort and consistency of interests) have all separately shown to predict academic success within traditional education. In higher online education, information on these relationships is lacking, while this group of learners is growing in size and importance. We therefore…

People with an immigrant background can be affected by stereotypes and discrimination. As adolescence is an important developmental stage, this study investigated whether adolescents hold (negative) implicit attitudes towards people with Turkish immigrant background and whether adolescents differ in the extent of attitudes. Additionally, the…

Based on the continuum model of impression formation (Fiske & Neuberg, 1990), information processing can be more or less automated or controlled and thus relies more or less on stereotype-based or individual-based characteristics. Also, teachers' impression formation can be influenced by social categories like students' ethnic background or…

Early school leaving has profound implications at a socio-economic level and planning effective prevention programs within school is crucial for contrasting it. Based on the hypothesis that the dropout is the last step of a process that ends in the student's decision to leave school, we studied the interplay between multiple risk factors of school…

Contextualized in the debate on the (mis)use of habitus in educational research, the present study addresses two research questions: (a) What are the different functions that habitus (i.e., the dispositions underpinning cultural capital that are accumulated through socialization and that guide individuals' daily practices) serves in students'…

Teachers often provide more positive feedback to ethnic minority students than to ethnic majority students in order to compensate for potential discrimination. However, even feedback that sounds positive can have unwanted effects on the students, such as reinforcing negative beliefs and reducing motivation. In this experimental pilot study, we…