The way in which skilled long jumpers regulate their gait during their run-up to the takeoff board was investigated. The run-up consists of (1) an initial accelerative phase, and (2) a zeroing-in phase. Their skill varied with the adjustment of the impulse of their steps toward the end of the run-up. (Author/BW)

To evaluate the significance of matching Hispanic "consumers" to Hispanic "experts," a series of three studies investigated counselor preferences among lower division Hispanic and Anglo students, students' preference for counselors' directive, non-directive, or neutral communication styles, and patterns in students'…

Challenging conventional characterization of teenage girlhood as a wasteland of depression, low self-esteem, and passive victimhood, this book presents accounts of young girls showing how their voices are shaped and constrained by socioeconomic class. Based on a year-long study involving conversations with white adolescent girls from the working…

This report summarizes a qualitative study that examined girls in six middle schools representing a range of geographic locations and settings as well as the racial and ethnic mix found in schools across the United States. The schools were all involved in educational reform efforts. The report examines how girls negotiate middle school and gauges…

An attempt was made to determine whether or not the male influence of teacher Confreres can bring about significant improvement in academic achievement, personality development, and sex role identification over a three-year period of time. Analysis of variance was used as the statistical process for determining tests of significance. The…

Some early childhood educators have proposed that the knowledge base used to inform the early education field actually serves to support the status quo, reinforces prejudices and stereotypes, and ignores the real lives of children. The purpose of this book is to deconstruct early childhood education, identifying and evaluating the themes and forms…

Purpose: Few empirical studies have compared the efficacy between psychoeducational (skill-building) approaches for reducing caregivers' psychological distress and interventions modeled after typical community-based support groups. We compare the impact of two distinct interventions on Anglo and Latino caregivers of elderly relatives with…

In the aftermath of Hurricane Floyd in 1999, a Community Advisory Committee requested assistance from its university partners (University of North Carolina) to address stress and increased risk for intimate partner violence (IPV). Collected from 12 study work sites, baseline data indicated that IPV rates were higher among blue-collar women in…

A pair of severely speech delayed twin girls were separated and placed into parallel school classes where they were given language training with the aim of remediating the effects of their early deprivation. The acceleration in their linguistic ability was paralleled by a marked increase in intellectual functioning as measured by standardized…

Argues that knowledge from studies of individuals with sex chromosome abnormalities can further understanding of aspects of normal human development. Studies of XO girls, XXY boys, XXX girls, and males with a fragile X chromosome are summarized to demonstrate how results contribute to knowledge about normal cognitive development and about…

Radio recordings were made of the conversations of 30 girls just under four years of age at school with their teachers and at home with their mothers. Frequency and type of question asked by the children and frequency and type of answer given by the adults were analyzed, revealing home/school and social class differences in all measures. (MP)

Examines the social behavior of withdrawn and aggressive girls, taking gaze as dependent measure. It was predicted that (1) withdrawn children will gaze less than aggressive children but that (2) the difference will be marked only in discussions of personal matters. Twenty girls aged 12-15 were selected from two schools for maladusted children in…

Response prevention treatment was used at home, with parents acting as therapists, to eliminate ritualistic behavior in an eight-year-old girl. (MP)

Examined longitudinally the relationship between earlier risk factors and later problems in young Finnish women's social functioning. Found that low work involvement mediated between risk factors and accumulation of problems in social functioning in young adulthood. Risk factors increased the likelihood of early motherhood, but early motherhood…

This research monograph on the social and emotional development of gifted students' is divided into four parts. Part 1 of the report focuses on analysis of the literature. Parts 2-4 present results of seven qualitative and quantitative studies of adolescent development. In Part 2, Studies 1 and 2 expand Lazarus and Folkman's cognitive appraisal…