Female college students were given a training task involving anagrams, mathematical problems, perceptual identifications, or all three. Results indicate that increasing the variety of training tasks at high or low levels of required effort contributes to the student's abstraction of a general principle concerning degree of effort required for…

Studied influence of sex roles on defense mechanisms. Females completed Defense Mechanisms Inventory (DMI) and Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI). Low masculinity on the BSRI was associated with high Turning Against Self on the DMI. High masculine subjects indicated greater willingness to attack objects of frustration. (Author)

Investigated the effect of counselor touch on female clients (N=32) and the moderating effect of clients' field dependence-independence on their response to a counselor's touch. Results indicated that counselors were perceived as significantly more expert when they touched than when they did not. Suggests implications for counseling. (Author)

An intervention was designed, implemented, and evaluated with the goal of facilitating the psychological growth of women. Focus was on increased self-esteem and competence through self-awareness, skills development, cognitive changes, and changes in overt behavior. Evaluation studies described indicate the model's effectiveness with two…

Related the Barron Ego Strength Scale to the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule, the Tolerance Scale of the California Psychological Inventory, and the Practical Outlook Scale of the Omnibus Personality Inventory, using 80 female subjects. Results showed significant correlations between ego strength and abasement, dominance, tolerance, and…

Discusses research project by Donahue and Costar suggesting counselors evaluate and remedy bias toward women. Comments on possible problems with research imply the recommendation is unwarranted. Researcher maintains bias exists in career counseling. (JC)

Compares impact of the Vocational Exploration and Insight Kit (VEIK) with the Self-Directed Search (SDS) and the Vocational Card Sort (VCS). Results indicate the SDS, VCS, and VEIK have small and similar effects on women's vocational behavior. Findings support counselor-free techniques as appropriate and inexpensive methods of career exploration.…

Examined effect of counselor verbal responses on clients' verbal behavior and on their perceptions of counselors. Affect responses were most desirable from both the counselors' and clients' perspectives. Closed questions were least desirable. Content responses and open questions were also highly effective in eliciting desirable client behavior.…

Students (N=178) evaluated four professional articles about feminine and masculine fields. Author's sex and title were manipulated. Results indicated prejudice against women may not be as pervasive as previously demonstrated, but that women's work in certain "masculine" fields may receive biased evaluations by men, depending upong women's…

Examines the literature on women and work by reviewing the trends in female labor force activity since 1900 and theories of the development of occupational behavior. Suggests an integration of these two areas through an evaluation of their relevance to the human development paradigm. (Author)

Reports the continued development of a multivariate theory of personality styles and a scale, the Multivariate Personality Inventory, designed to measure these styles in both pathological and normal populations. Results supported the validity of the Multivariate Personality Inventory in regard to the need profile of each personality style group.…

Studied the determinants of attributional modesty in women. Women tend to make modest attributions for success when concerned about how others would evaluate them and when concerned about their self-image. Self-derogatory attributions for failure occur when the subjects thought their attributions would be public. (Author/JAC)

Compared Black pregnant adolescents who applied for therapeutic abortions (TAs) with those who planned to have their babies (Terms). Suggests Terms seemed to be trying to fill a void and assume an adult role. Results indicated controls were most socialized, followed by TAs, then Terms. (Author/JAC)

Analyzes womens' role in the future of work in 10 articles. Deals with various life cycle aspects of women's lives, options in parenting, child care, changing sex roles, and aging. Analyzes special problems of Blacks, women in energy-boom towns, travel usage, educational trends, and a materialist theory of women's status. (JAC)

Identified personality patterns of delinquent females and determined the relationship of ethnicity and socioeconomic status to delinquent personality patterns. Personality patterns differed significantly. White delinquents were more likely to be neurotic than Blacks or Hispanics. Middle-class delinquents were more likely to be neurotic than…