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Riek, Stephan; Hinder, Mark R.; Carson, Richard G. – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Human motor behaviour is continually modified on the basis of errors between desired and actual movement outcomes. It is emerging that the role played by the primary motor cortex (M1) in this process is contingent upon a variety of factors, including the nature of the task being performed, and the stage of learning. Here we used repetitive TMS to…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Stimulation, Faculty Development, Psychomotor Skills
Seghier, Mohamed L.; Neufeld, Nicholas H.; Zeidman, Peter; Leff, Alex P.; Mechelli, Andrea; Nagendran, Arjuna; Riddoch, Jane M.; Humphreys, Glyn W.; Price, Cathy J. – Neuropsychologia, 2012
The left ventral occipito-temporal cortex (LvOT) is thought to be essential for the rapid parallel letter processing that is required for skilled reading. Here we investigate whether rapid written word identification in skilled readers can be supported by neural pathways that do not involve LvOT. Hypotheses were derived from a stroke patient who…
Descriptors: Reading, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Word Recognition, Neurological Impairments
Conway, Martin A. – Neuropsychologia, 2009
An account of episodic memories is developed that focuses on the types of knowledge they represent, their properties, and the functions they might serve. It is proposed that episodic memories consist of "episodic elements," summary records of experience often in the form of visual images, associated to a "conceptual frame" that provides a…
Descriptors: Memory, Experience, Visual Stimuli, Cognitive Psychology
Hillock, Andrea R.; Powers, Albert R.; Wallace, Mark T. – Neuropsychologia, 2011
We live in a multisensory world and one of the challenges the brain is faced with is deciding what information belongs together. Our ability to make assumptions about the relatedness of multisensory stimuli is partly based on their temporal and spatial relationships. Stimuli that are proximal in time and space are likely to be bound together by…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Cues, Infants, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Gutchess, Angela H.; Kensinger, Elizabeth A.; Schacter, Daniel L. – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Aging impacts memory formation and the engagement of frontal and medial temporal regions. However, much of the research to date has focused on the encoding of neutral verbal and visual information. The present fMRI study investigated age differences in a social encoding task while participants made judgments about the self or another person.…
Descriptors: Young Adults, Older Adults, Age Differences, Memory
Gaffrey, Michael S.; Kleinhans, Natalia M.; Haist, Frank; Akshoomoff, Natacha; Campbell, Ashley; Courchesne, Eric; Muller, Ralph-Axel – Neuropsychologia, 2007
Language delay and impairment are salient features of autism. More specifically, there is evidence of atypical semantic organization in autism, but the functional brain correlates are not well understood. The current study used functional MRI to examine activation associated with semantic category decision. Ten high-functioning men with autism…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Control Groups, Semantics, Autism
Starrfelt, Randi; Behrmann, Marlene – Neuropsychologia, 2011
It is commonly assumed that number reading can be intact in patients with pure alexia, and that this dissociation between letter/word recognition and number reading strongly constrains theories of visual word processing. A truly selective deficit in letter/word processing would strongly support the hypothesis that there is a specialized system or…
Descriptors: Patients, Word Recognition, Literature Reviews, Neuropsychology
Ciesielski, Kristina T.; Ahlfors, Seppo P.; Bedrick, Edward J.; Kerwin, Audra A.; Hamalainen, Matti S. – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Top-down cognitive control has been associated in adults with the prefrontal-parietal network. In children the brain mechanisms of top-down control have rarely been studied. We examined developmental differences in top-down cognitive control by monitoring event-related desynchronization (ERD) and event-related synchronization (ERS) of alpha-band…
Descriptors: Young Adults, Short Term Memory, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Cognitive Ability
Whitehouse, Andrew J. O.; Bishop, Dorothy V. M. – Neuropsychologia, 2009
Verbal and visuospatial abilities are typically subserved by different cerebral hemispheres: the left hemisphere for the former and the right hemisphere for the latter. However little is known of the origin of this division of function. Causal theories propose that functional asymmetry is an obligatory pattern of organisation, while statistical…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Memory, Spatial Ability, Verbal Ability
Peng, Gang; Wang, William S.-Y. – Neuropsychologia, 2011
It has been generally accepted that the left hemisphere is more functionally specialized for language than the right hemisphere for right-handed monolinguals. But more and more studies have also demonstrated right hemisphere advantage for some language tasks with certain participants. A recent comprehensive survey has shown that hemisphere…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Language Processing, Monolingualism, Bilingualism
Cummings, Alycia; Ceponiene, Rita – Neuropsychologia, 2010
In an effort to clarify whether semantic integration is impaired in verbal and nonverbal auditory domains in children with developmental language impairment (a.k.a., LI and SLI), the present study obtained behavioral and neural responses to words and environmental sounds in children with language impairment and their typically developing…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Semantics, Language Impairments, Brain
Cano, Agnes; Rapp, Brenda; Costa, Albert; Juncadella, Montserrat – Neuropsychologia, 2008
We describe the performance of an aphasic individual who showed a selective impairment affecting his comprehension of auditorily presented number words and not other word categories. His difficulty in number word comprehension was restricted to the auditory modality, given that with visual stimuli (written words, Arabic numerals and pictures) his…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Semantics, Number Concepts, Auditory Stimuli
Shalev, Lilach; Ben-Simon, Anat; Mevorach, Carmel; Cohen, Yoav; Tsal, Yehoshua – Neuropsychologia, 2011
Among the large variety of attentional tasks that have been used to study sustained attention, the Continuous Performance Task (CPT) is perhaps the most widely used. Despite substantial differences in task characteristics and demands, all CPT paradigms have been referred to as measures of sustained attention. In the present study we introduce a…
Descriptors: Validity, Attention Deficit Disorders, Attention Control, Task Analysis
Graham, Kim S.; Barense, Morgan D.; Lee, Andy C. H. – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Studies in rats and non-human primates suggest that medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures play a role in perceptual processing, with the hippocampus necessary for spatial discrimination, and the perirhinal cortex for object discrimination. Until recently, there was little convergent evidence for analogous functional specialisation in humans, or…
Descriptors: Long Term Memory, Perception, Memory, Neurological Organization
Wagner, Dylan D.; Sziklas, Viviane; Garver, Krista E.; Jones-Gotman, Marilyn – Neuropsychologia, 2009
Mnemonic deficits in patients with medial temporal lobe (MTL) damage arising from temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) are traditionally constrained to long-term episodic memory, sparing short-term and working memory (WM). This view of WM as being independent of MTL structures has recently been challenged by a small number of patient and neuroimaging…
Descriptors: Patients, Short Term Memory, Brain, Spatial Ability