It's been 20 years since the last 'National Debate' on education led to the launch of Scotland's Curriculum for Excellence with the four capacities in 2004. The curriculum was conceived to 'fully prepare today's children for adult life in the 21st century' (Scottish Executive, 2004, p. 3). These four capacities articulated the aspirational purpose of Curriculum for Excellence, that 'each child has an enormous capacity for learning and the potential to achieve in different ways' (p. 9). This paper is to be considered a thought paper, compiling the views of over 150 educators and over 600 learners from across Scotland's education system. It offers insights to help inform the National Discussion on Education and to stimulate an exploration of the four capacities. The paper will be useful to all educators and settings exploring curriculum rationale and curriculum design. [This paper was prepared by NoTosh.]