The rapid growth of Web-based instruction has raised many questions about the quality of online courses. This chapter presents a conceptual framework that can guide the development of online courses by providing a holistic perspective on online teaching and learning. Although this framework is based on well-recognized theories of learning and represents a synthesis of ideas from multiple perspectives, it is not fully developed, nor is it all-inclusive. Additional principles will be added as the online program continues to develop and evolve. The specific techniques for applying the instructional principles highlighted in this chapter are currently in use in the HRE (Human Resource Education) Online courses and continue to be enhanced each time they are implemented. The possibilities for application of the instructional strategy framework are only limited by the creativity and energy of the instructional designers and course instructors. The purpose of this chapter is to present a perspective of online teaching and learning strategies that looks beyond the traditional paradigm of instruction. Once such a perspective is adopted, instructional designers can incorporate the key elements that are needed in quality online learning environments. (Contains 1 figure.)