This book is designed to help teachers turn research on the brain function of intellectually and artistically advanced students into practical classroom activities and strategies. Following an introduction that discuses the myths and realities about giftedness, chapter 1 discusses basic brain structures and their functions. Chapter 2 looks at various conceptual schemes that attempt to define the nature of intelligence and giftedness. Gender differences in cognitive styles are discussed, along with differences in brain structure and brain chemistry. Chapter 3 examines specific suggestions for designing curricular and instructional strategies that are more likely to challenge the gifted brain. It focuses on the concept of differentiated curriculum and discusses acceleration, curriculum compacting, grouping formats, and other successful techniques. Chapters 4, 5, and 6 deal with giftedness in three specific areas, language, mathematics, and music. Chapter 7 investigates the various symptoms, causes, and types of underachievement in gifted students. Chapter 8 examines gifted students with learning disabilities or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The last chapter suggests some ways of identifying gifted children and setting up a learning environment where gifted students, along with their classmates, can excel in the inclusive classroom. A list of gifted resources is included. (Contains more than 160 references.) (CR)