The Association for Educational Communications and Technology defines Instructional Technology as the "theory and practice of design, development, utilization, management, and evaluation of processes and resources for learning" (Seels & Richley, 1994). From the above definition, it can be seen that Instructional Technology can be considered in terms of the use of media (or resources) and the use of "systematic instructional design procedures" (Reiser, 2002, p. 28) that includes the processes such as design, development, utilization, management, and evaluation. For the purpose of this article, I shall refer the latter to instructional design for instructional purposes. The history of Instructional Technology in the 20th century is summarized, using these two qualities ? media and instructional design. Also included in this article is a discussion on how these two qualities affect the following four qualities of instructional technology: access, efficiency, effectiveness, and humaneness.