In this research, the aim is to determine the effect of piano education on visual memory. One of the quantitative research methods, experimental research design, was used in the study, and the study group was determined with the purposive sampling method. The short-term visual memory of the students aged from 8 to 12 (experimental n=36, control n=42) in the study group was measured with the Benton Visual Retention Test F Form. To determine the effect of the practice for the experimental and control groups, t-tests and two-way analysis of variance (mixed-design ANOVA) were performed for the pretest and posttest. The short-term visual retention test pre-test and post-test results of the experimental group students who took private piano lessons and the control group students who did not take piano lessons were analyzed regarding their age, and it was determined that the short-term visual memory of the experimental group students was better than the control group. The research is considered significant, as it will contribute to the disciplines dealing with child development, piano teachers and other researchers working on this subject.