The objective of the audit presented in this report was to determine whether the Office of Postsecondary Education (OPE) has an adequate process in place to ensure that institutions of higher education (schools) use Higher Education Emergency Relief Fund (HEERF) grant funds appropriately and that performance goals are met. The audit covered OPE's oversight and monitoring activities in these areas from March 2020 through February 2022. It also included related activities performed by other U.S. Department of Education (Department) offices. To achieve the objective, officials from OPE and other Department offices who were responsible for processes associated with administering and monitoring HEERF grant funds and for establishing and monitoring HEERF performance goals were interviewed. OIG also reviewed records relevant to these processes, including OPE guidance, technical assistance, and other documents covering schools' application for, use of, and reporting on HEERF grant funds; and the Department's fiscal year (FY) 2020 Annual Performance Report and FY 2022 Performance Plan.