The "International Society for the Social Studies (ISSS) Annual Conference Proceedings" is a peer-reviewed professional publication published once a year following the annual conference. The following papers are included in the 2016 proceedings: (1) The Emergence of Social Studies in Trinidad and Tobago (Leela Ramsook); (2) Opinions of Parents of Students who Studied in Secondary School Regarding Concept of 'Good Citizen' and 'Good Citizen' Education in Families and in School (Ilker Dere and Nurgul Kizilay); (3) Where Are We Now: A Critical Analysis of Historical and Present-Day Race Riots (Gregory L. Samuels); (4) Opinions of Students about the Use of Oral History as a Teaching and Learning Method in Social Studies Courses (Erkan Dinc, Ilker Dere, and Emin Kilinc); (5) Interdisciplinary Approaches to Global Education: Strategies for Internationalizing the Curriculum (Madelyn Flammia, Houman Sadri, and Cynthia Mejia); (6) The United States Pledge of Allegiance Ceremony: Reactions from Middle School Students (Leisa A. Martin); (7) Video Games in the Social Studies: Teaching and Assessment Strategies (Joshua M. Patterson and Alex Ledford); (8) Teachers' Perspectives on Culturally Responsive Teaching (Amy J. Samuels); (9) Facilitating Discussion of Challenging Topics in the Classroom (Amy J. Samuels and Gregory L. Samuels); (10) "Minecraft Made Me Sick:" The Use of Minecraft with Pre-Service Elementary Education Students (Michael Scarlett); (11) International Law on Special Education (Samantha Mrstik); (12) Digital Book Clubs as Connected Learning in Social Education (Jason K. Ritter); (13) The Outliers of the 2016 Presidential Election: Explaining the Surge of Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders (Michael L. Rogers); (14) Is Zivotofsky v. Kerry the Marbury v. Madison of Our Day? (Terri Susan Fine); (15) Social Studies Teachers' Perception of the Purpose of Civic Education (Iskender Ikinci, Emin Kilinç, and Bülent Tarman); (16) Are Turkish Pre-Service Social Studies Teachers Ready to Teach Global Citizenship? (Emin Kilinç); (17) Towards Technology Integration into Social Studies Courses in Turkey: Technology Supported Social Studies Education Program and Teachers' Attitudes (Emin Kilinç, Erhan Delen, Seray Kilinç, Enis H. Baser, Hafize Er Türküresin, Mehmet M. Kaya, and Alper Kesten); (18) Taiwan, China: Exploring Teachers' Decision-Making Toward Teaching Controversial Issues Between Taiwan and The PRC (Yu-Han Hung); and (19) Marginalized Populations and AP Enrollment and Passage Rates in Florida 2011-2012 (Bonnie Bittman, Alex Davies, and Ekaterina Goussakova). [For the 2015 proceedings, see ED565292.]