The study investigated the failure of foreign culture studies to create awareness of human universality. Major objectives were to: (1) analyze the relationship of several independent variables such as sex, intelligence, dogmatism, and socio-economic status to the ethnocentrism expressed by children toward pre-Western Eskimo culture, (2) determine whether a change in the attitude of certain American children toward Eskimo culture would be accompanied by any concomitant change in attitude toward American culture, and (3) examine the effects on expressed pupil ethnocentrism of two experimentally controlled instructional conditions. Eight "teacher centered" and eight "learner-centered" fifth grade classes were identified for the study. Four classes in each group received a depth-study treatment which included certain potentially disturbing aspects of Eskimo culture. The other four classes from each group received a comparative study treatment. Pre- and post-test measures of the ethnocentrism were administered. Pupil and teacher statements about Eskimos and teachers responses to pupil ethnocentrism were recorded and children were interviewed. Findings showed that the best predictor of initial ethnocentrism toward Eskimos was dogmatism; intelligence and socio-economic status correlated positively with initial ethnocentrism; and both groups decreased significantly in ethnocentrism, but no concomitant attitude change toward American culture was found. (Author/ND)