Guidance in education is the presentation of knowledge, information, and/or advice to individuals or groups in a structured way so as to provide sufficient material upon which they may base choices or decisions. Counseling in education may be described as the interaction developing through the relationship between a counselor and a person in a temporary state of indecision, confusion, or distress that helps that person to make his/her own decisions and choices, to resolve the confusion or cope with the distress in a personally realistic and meaningful way. Generally, the need for educational and vocational guidance is accepted throughout the world; however, guidance programs in various countries vary according to economic and political conditions and levels of educational and philosophical concepts. Following two papers that present background information on the development of educational and vocational guidance and the ethics of such guidance, this document presents case studies of educational and vocational guidance programs in 12 countries. Those countries are the Arab states, West Germany, Great Britain, Greece, India, Mexico, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Rumania, the United States, and Venezuela. Such information as preparation of staff, types of programs, guidance and counseling techniques, and administration of the programs are included for each country. (KC)