School librarians and teachers are working together in a national movement to bring digital and media literacy to all citizens. When people think of the term "literacy," what generally springs to mind is reading and writing, speaking and listening. These are foundational elements of literacy. But because people use so many different types of expression and communication in daily life, the concept of literacy is beginning to be defined as the ability to share meaning through symbol systems to fully participate in society. When the author uses the phrase "digital and media literacy," she seeks to capture the essential features of all these new literacies. She defines digital and media literacy competencies that include (1) the use of texts, tools, and technologies to access both information and entertainment; (2) the skills of critical thinking, analysis, and evaluation; (3) the practice of message composition and creativity; (4) the ability to engage in reflection and ethical thinking; as well as (5) active participation in social action through individual and collaborative efforts. In this article, the author discusses how to empower learners with digital and media literacy. In developing a plan of action to bring digital and media literacy to all Americans, she first identifies some challenges that educators and librarians must address when implementing programs and services.