A factor analysis of Rotter's internal-external locus of control scale is described. The four factors extracted were there correlated with several political attitude instruments. Results lead authors to suggest a modification in Rotter's scale, particularly in the "just world" items. (JKS)

A sample of lower middle class eighth grade Brazilian students were rated by their teachers on eleven aptitude factors. The students were also tested on these factors. Results showed teachers to be fairly accurate in their ratings. (JKS)

The early development of the Academic Motivations Inventory, a self-report measure of the academic motivations of college students, is described. Validation and reliability studies suggest that, at present, the instrument could be used to assess motivation of a group or class of students, but not yet as individuals. (Author/JKS)

Two types of test scores were analyzed to examine whether sixty teachers were unable to use Kohlberg's measurement system for determining stages of moral thought because they were stage scoring invalidly on the basis of content. This proved to be the case. (Author/JKS)

Order analysis is discussed as a method for description of formal structures in multidimensional space. Its algorithm was derived using a combination of psychometric theory, formal logic theory, information theory, and graph theory concepts. The model provides for adjustment of its sensitivity to random variation. (Author/JKS)

Data generated by the pair-comparison method can be analyzed by least squares. A system of normal equations is derived by which the original objects are scaled. One advantage of this method is that it is not necessary to compare all object pairs. Examples are provided. (Author/JKS)

The influence of conditions of the measurement situation upon resultant ratings in personality assessment were examined. The results support the contention that the testing situation and the experimenter's instructions influence measurement. (JKS)

An existing multidimensional racial attitude inventory was adapted from an agree-disagree format to a rating format. Evidence is presented that this adaptation was successfully accomplished while maintaining strong correspondence to the original, validated instrument. (Author/JKS)

The ability of respondents to properly execute Thurstone scaling procedures as opposed to Likert scaling procedures was investigated in a sample of high school students. Results indicate difficulty among respondents using Thurstone-type instructions to resist giving Likert-type responses. (JKS)

The development and validation of the School Observation Scale is presented. The scale can be used by elementary teachers to record observations of pupil behavioral characteristics associated with learning disabilities and minimal brain disfunction. (Author/JKS)

Dimensions of student attitude toward teacher behavior at the college level were investigated via factor analysis. Six factors were extracted and examined with a second sample and compared to dimensions discussed in the literature. (JKS)

The Arizona Clinical Interview Rating Scale is examined for construct validity as a instrument to evaluate the interviewing techniques of medical students. Evidence was gathered in the areas of convergent and discriminant validity, sensitivity to change, internal consistency, and objectivity. (Author)

Joreskog's model of cogeneric tests is used to analyze agreement between raters. Raters are treated as measuring instruments. The model of cogeneric tests, of which classical parallelism and tau-equivalence are shown to be special cases, is applied to teachers' ratings of students' responses on open-end questions. (Author/RC)

A procedure is presented for the analysis of rating data with correlated intrajudge and uncorrelated interjudge measurement errors. Correlations between true scores on different rating dimensions, reliabilities for each judge on each dimension and correlations between intrajudge errors can be estimated given a minimum of three raters and two…

When researchers use the Guttman scalogram rather than multidimensional techniques, scalogram error assignment techniques should be questioned. An alternative to the customary minimizing error rule is suggested through ALAM and ALAS criteria which use ordinal information in scalable item marginals. (Author)