This book presents a rational discussion process approach to the teaching of specific social controversies in the social studies in secondary schools. The authors provide an in-depth analysis of this approach which includes both theory and application. The introductory chapters place the discussion process framework within terms of American values and public issues, however, no presumption is made to solve complex philosophical questions. The emphasis is on the existence of controversy as an important contribution to society with citizenship education attempting to influence people, but not indoctrinate them. The book deals extensively with the problem of making value decisions and helps the high school teacher to develop his students strategies for justifying and challenging their views. Actual case material for use in the classroom is included along with example evaluative instruments for the purpose of illustrating how the discussion process operates in real arguments and teaching situations. (Author/AWW)