Results-based management (RBM) is an approach to programme planning and management that integrates strategy, people, resources, processes and measurements to improve decision-making, transparency and accountability. The Commonwealth of Learning (COL) began the adoption of a RBM model with its 2003-2006 Three-Year Plan. This led to a significantly increased emphasis on monitoring and evaluation (M&E) in the development of the 2006-2009 plan. While much progress has been made and many lessons have been learned over the course of implementing these three-year plans, the application of results-based monitoring and evaluation is, by definition, a process of continuous improvement. This handbook is part of COL's commitment to that end. More specifically, this handbook is intended to address the following needs: (1) COL programme results are typically achieved through partnerships with other organisations. Therefore COL needs to share with its partners an understanding about how it applies the RBM approach to programme planning. Partners should be able to articulate how their relationship with COL supports achievement of the results sought by each of their own organisations; (2) COL partners are essential participants in COL M&E processes as providers and collectors of data about the achievement of results. COL partners need to understand how M&E is integrated with RBM in order to be involved in planning for its practical implementation; and (3) New COL staff require reference material about the application of results-based M&E because there is a continuing need for a shared understanding of RBM and M&E concepts and terms within the organisation. The content of this handbook is organised into short chapters that allow readers to use the material as needed. Appendices include: (1) A very potted guide to evaluation research techniques; and (2) Commonwealth of Learning Logic Model 2009-2012. (Contains 14 figures, 4 tables, 7 exercises, and 23 notes.)