As the global economy rapidly changes and new technologies are introduced, more highly skilled workers are required. In the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS), firms struggle to fill skilled positions due to a lack of qualified candidates, while the number of unemployed low skilled workers is growing. This paradox especially affects youth. Even during recent economic booms, youth unemployment has remained high, indicating a mismatch between skills acquired in school and the critical skills demanded by the labor market. There is a clear need for more relevant education and training to prepare young people for the demands of work. This report reviews current education and skills training options in the OECS and asks whether all youth in the region become adequately skilled for today's global world of work. An important objective of the report is to stimulate debate and offer concrete suggestions that could contribute to wider reform of the education system, taking into consideration the latest education and training policies in the region. The report is organized into six chapters. Following an introduction, the second chapter makes the argument for why skills matter to the OECS countries. The subsequent three chapters emphasize how education (school) is intrinsically linked to the labor market, both in providing initial preparation and training and in updating workers' skills throughout adulthood (lifelong learning). Thus, the third chapter discusses how adequately the schools in the OECS prepare youth for the labor market. The fourth chapter focuses on the transition from the education system to the labor market. The fifth chapter analyzes the opportunities for workers to continue learning while in the labor force. The final chapter summarizes the main policy recommendations for improving education and training in the OECS. Three transversal themes run through the report: (1) deepening sub-regional collaboration; (2) increasing involvement of the private sector in education and training; and (3) enhancing collaboration across different levels of the education and training systems. An annex contains: Executive Summary of Monitoring Educational Performance in the Caribbean Published in 2003 and Summary of Public Expenditure Reviews in the Caribbean Published 2005-6. (Contains 3 tables, 11 boxes, 18 figures, and 28 footnotes.) [This report was produced by the Latin America and the Caribbean Region, Caribbean Country Management Unit, Human Development Sector, The World Bank.]