This document presents the proceedings of 16th Annual Research Forum held June 15, 2011, at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Included herein are the following 25 action research papers: (1) The Effects of Prompted Math Journaling on Algebra 1 Students' Achievement and Attitudes (Heidi I. Arnold); (2) Group Work and Attitude (Greg Bartley); (3) Assessing How Current Events Contribute to Student Learning Outcomes in a Civics and Economics Course (LaShunda Faison); (4) What is the Impact of Inquiry-Based Instruction in a Group Setting? (Jennifer Foreman); (5) Developing Oral Language Ability in the High School Spanish Classroom (Eleanor Fuller); (6) "There's an App for That:" A Study Using Apple iPads in a United States History Classroom (Emily R. Garcia); (7) Increasing Parent Involvement: Using Newsletters to Expand School-Home Communication (Meredith Horton); (8) Guided Discovery Learning with Collaborative Discourse (Chloe Johnson); (9) Multiple Types of Assessment and Learning Styles (Jill Klinepeter); (10) Recognizing and Understanding Irony (Cederick Moore); (11) The Use of Contextualized Listening Activities to Develop Listening Comprehension in the High School Spanish Classroom (John A. Mundell); (12) The Effects of Photograph Analysis on Students' Historical Thinking Skills (Anna Newman); (13) Effective Approaches for Teaching Irony in the High School English Classroom(Carmen Peek); (14) Inspiring Instrumental Genesis through Guided Reflection (Jacob Steven Perry); (15) Global Citizenship Education in Secondary Social Studies: Utilizing Global Newspapers to Help Students Identify Global Perspectives and Bias (Andrew R. Petrilli); (16) The Use of Authentic Materials in Developing Oral and Written Language Ability in the Secondary Spanish Classroom (Amy Plyler); (17) Teaching "Habits of Mind": Impact on Students' Mathematical Thinking and Problem Solving Self-Efficacy (Cayce Poindexter); (18) The Impact of Feedback on Student Confidence, Self-Efficacy, and Attitudes Toward Mathematics (Lauren Redman); (19) Understanding Students' Ability to Recognize Irony (Grace Rishel ); (20) Improving Student Achievement through Error Analysis (Lauren Schnepper); (21) Using Homework to Improve Students' Abilities to Self-Regulate (Brian A. Smith); (22) The Use of Food as a Context to Develop Cultural Awareness in the High School Spanish Classroom (Silvia Timmerding); (23) Teaching High School Students to Identify Irony and its Effects (Sarah Vroom); (24) Recasts, Elicitation, and Praise: Tools for Oral Language Production in the High School Spanish Class (Kenneth L. Wallace, Jr.); and (25) Music and Culture in the High School Spanish Classroom (Rachel Will). (Individual papers contain references.) [Abstract revised to meet ERIC guidelines.]