Skills demands are increasing and changing rapidly everywhere, as advanced economies adapt to globalisation, technological change and ageing. Yet Italy is struggling more than other advanced economies to make the transition towards a thriving and dynamic skills-based society. The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Italy identifies 10 skills challenges for Italy based on analysis of OECD, European Commission, and national data, as well as input received from the national government and a wide range of stakeholders, including individuals, entrepreneurs, employer associations, trade unions, education providers, and researchers. The hope is that this report will help Italy to achieve sustainable growth, prosperity, and inclusion by fostering a national conversation on skills challenges, assets, and aspirations. Success will ultimately depend on all actors working together to achieve a common goal. As ever, the OECD stands ready to contribute to ongoing efforts in designing and implementing better skills policies for better jobs and better lives. Individual chapters provide references and notes.