The historical developments of infant schools in Great Britain and "salles d'asile" in France--both precursors of present-day preschools--were interconnected. However, historians have not yet analysed specifically how transnational exchange influenced the growth and nature of these institutions. Drawing on archival data and secondary sources, and using a combined comparative and transnational approach, this study aims to remedy this omission. It traces the evolution of British infant schools and French "salles d'asile" from their beginnings to their affiliation with the education systems in their respective countries--i.e. from 1816, when Robert Owen founded the first infant school in Britain, to 1881, when the "salle d'asile" was incorporated as an integral part of the French education system (renamed "école maternelle"). The study also shows how ideas about infant education and the motives and experiences of educators and social reformers spread across British borders and influenced the development of "salles d'asile".