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Haugan, Gertrude M.; McIntyre, Roger W. – Developmental Psychology, 1972
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Conditioning, Environmental Influences, Extinction (Psychology)
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Sullivan, Margaret W.; Lewis, Michael – Developmental Psychology, 2003
Two experiments examined how different frustration contexts affect the instrumental and emotional responses of 4- to 5-month-olds. Both experiments showed that arm responses increased when the contingent stimulus was lost or reduced but decreased when control of the stimulus was lost under noncontingency. Facial expressions of anger, but not…
Descriptors: Anger, Context Effect, Contingency Management, Emotional Response