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Luce, Megan R.; Callanan, Maureen A.; Smilovic, Sarah – Developmental Psychology, 2013
Recent experimental research highlights young children's selectivity in learning from others. Little is known, however, about the patterns of information that children actually encounter in conversations with adults. This study investigated variation in parents' tendency to focus on testable evidence as a way to answer science-related questions…
Descriptors: Young Children, Learning Processes, Interpersonal Communication, Adults
Peer reviewed
Rubin, Kenneth H. – Developmental Psychology, 1976
This study examined the resistance to conservation of quantity extinction in 180 subjects across the life span. The results indicated that both resistance judgments and explanations were found to develop in a curvilinear fashion, increasing with age until young adulthood and declining thereafter. (JMB)
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Conservation (Concept), Extinction (Psychology), Human Development
Peer reviewed
Alessandri, Steven M.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1993
Examined the instrumental responses and facial expressions during learning and extinction in a group of 36 cocaine-exposed infants ages 4 to 8 months and an equal number of control subjects. Findings indicated that cocaine-exposed infants expressed less interest and joy during learning and less anger and sadness during extinction than infants who…
Descriptors: Cocaine, Cognitive Development, Drug Abuse, Emotional Development
Peer reviewed
Sullivan, Margaret Wolan; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1992
Infants at two, four, and six months of age learned a string-pulling task and were tested again two months later. Individual differences in emotional expressions of anger during extinction, and interest and enjoyment during learning, were stable over the two-month interval. (BC)
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Anger, Attention, Extinction (Psychology)
Peer reviewed
Parke, Ross D.; Deur, Jan L. – Developmental Psychology, 1972
Data showed that consistent punishment resulted in faster inhibition than inconsistent punishment; subjects who were punished showed less persistence than subjects placed on an extinction schedule. (Authors)
Descriptors: Aggression, Behavior Change, Data Analysis, Elementary School Students
Peer reviewed
Gluck, John P.; Sackett, Gene P. – Developmental Psychology, 1976
Rhesus monkeys were reared in total isolation, in partial isolation, or under normal conditions with access to mothers and peers. Each group was compared on the rate of acquisition of a simple operant response. (GO)
Descriptors: Animal Behavior, Conditioning, Disadvantaged Environment, Infants
Peer reviewed
Lewis, Michael; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1990
Examined facial expressions in relation to cognition in infants 2 to 8 months of age. A total of 48 subjects received an audiovisual stimulus contingent on arm movement, whereas 32 infants did not control the stimulus. Infants in the contingent group expressed greater interest and joy during learning and greater anger during extinction. (RH)
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Age Differences, Anger, Coding
Johnson, Stephen M. – Developmental Psychology, 1970
The purpose of this study was to examine self-reinforcement as an agent of behavior change with children who were deficient in desired attention behaviors. Twenty three first and second grade school children were taught through external reinforcement procedures to raise their level of attention on a simple discrimination task. Subjects in one…
Descriptors: Attention Span, Behavior Change, Behavior Standards, Behavioral Science Research
Peer reviewed
Alessandri, Steven M.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1990
A total of 80 infants, divided equally among 4 age groups, participated in a contingency learning task. Of these infants, 48 received an audiovisual stimulus contingent on arm movement, and 32 served as a yoked control group. Findings indicated that exposure to a period in which the infant's expectancy regarding contingent outcomes is violated…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Expectation, Extinction (Psychology), Infant Behavior
Peer reviewed
Miller, Scott A.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1973
These results stand in sharp contrast to those previously reported which concluded that most college students will abandon conservation; the present finding is of strong (though less than perfect) resistance. (Authors/CB)
Descriptors: College Students, Conservation (Concept), Data Analysis, Extinction (Psychology)
Peer reviewed
Haugan, Gertrude M.; McIntyre, Roger W. – Developmental Psychology, 1972
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Conditioning, Environmental Influences, Extinction (Psychology)
Peer reviewed
Sullivan, Margaret W.; Lewis, Michael – Developmental Psychology, 2003
Two experiments examined how different frustration contexts affect the instrumental and emotional responses of 4- to 5-month-olds. Both experiments showed that arm responses increased when the contingent stimulus was lost or reduced but decreased when control of the stimulus was lost under noncontingency. Facial expressions of anger, but not…
Descriptors: Anger, Context Effect, Contingency Management, Emotional Response