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| Age Differences | 1 |
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| Developmental Psychology | 2 |
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| Alessandri, Steven M. | 2 |
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Peer reviewedAlessandri, Steven M.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1993
Examined the instrumental responses and facial expressions during learning and extinction in a group of 36 cocaine-exposed infants ages 4 to 8 months and an equal number of control subjects. Findings indicated that cocaine-exposed infants expressed less interest and joy during learning and less anger and sadness during extinction than infants who…
Descriptors: Cocaine, Cognitive Development, Drug Abuse, Emotional Development
Peer reviewedAlessandri, Steven M.; And Others – Developmental Psychology, 1990
A total of 80 infants, divided equally among 4 age groups, participated in a contingency learning task. Of these infants, 48 received an audiovisual stimulus contingent on arm movement, and 32 served as a yoked control group. Findings indicated that exposure to a period in which the infant's expectancy regarding contingent outcomes is violated…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Expectation, Extinction (Psychology), Infant Behavior
