Defends the valence theory as being useful in the constrastive aspect of foreign language teaching. Numerous examples are given illustrating how the semantic characteristics of the subject limit the possible choices of verbs that can occur with it. (IFS/WGA)

Speakers of languages having only one verb "to know" (e.g., Japanese) have difficulty with the two verbs "wissen" and "kennen". Tables are given showing sentence types and degrees of frequency. Various linguistic aspects are considered. Three dictionaries are cited and the inadequacy of their definitions are pointed out. (IFS/WGA)

Discusses two kinds of "temporal indifference" in German tense forms: "timelessness" (Function I) and "all-time-ness" (Function II). Function I occurs in generally true statements, proverbs, definitions, etc. Function II denotes a time period which "empirically appears unbounded on both sides." (Text is in…

Distinguishes between "mode" as a verb-form and "modality," a category of meaning expressed mainly by lexical and syntactical means. Describes the subjunctive in Russian and German; a schematic summary shows both languages using the subjunctive for hypothesis and wish, but only German for indirect discourse. (Text is in…

Examines German idiomatic predicate constructions in various aspects; finds that these constructions do not form a homogeneous class, either as to form or as to syntax. Numerous examples, taken from dictionaries and other sources, are used. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

Revised expanded version of a paper presented in Belgium and East Germany in 1970 and 1971. (WB)