Tomlinson's explanation of Artful Teaching and her 2017 expansion of this concept The Five Key Elements of Differentiation provide the theoretical framework of this examination of the need for science investigations in elementary schools. The Artful Teaching framework uses an equilateral triangle with vertices labeled The Teacher, The Student, and The Content illustrating the need to incorporate these components when designing lessons. The Five Key Elements of Differentiation show essential elements of the environment, curriculum, assessment, instruction, and leadership and management as approaches to ensure artful teaching. This article examines how elementary schoolteachers can and should create interesting science investigation for students. A Moon Study unit provides an example of combining the five key elements of differentiation, artful teaching, and Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) to create a first grade unit that encompasses reading, writing, science concepts, student readiness levels, and respectful tasks to assist students in participating in inquiry-based science exploration.