An estimated 36 million Americans--or 19 percent of the population--lived in racially integrated neighborhoods in the spring of 1967. Yet, the number of Negroes living in such neighborhoods tended to be small in comparison with the number of whites. The research operations for this study, which began in the autumn of 1966, were divided into three phases: (1) the collection of data enabling the drawing of a sample of integrated neighborhoods in the 73 primary sampling units used in the National Opinion Research Center's national probability sampling frame; (2) the collection of basic information about neighborhood characteristics through personal interviews with neighborhood informants--the interviews being conducted in 230 integrated, 49 white segregated, and 32 Negro segregated neighborhoods sampled from those identified in Phase I; and, (3) The drawing of a sample of households within most of the sample neighborhoods and the questioning of residents by interviewing a member of each household drawn in the sampling. The analysis of the experiences during the process of integration suggests that two variables are of great importance in influencing the neighborhood's subsequent history: the degree of Negro demand for housing, and the reaction of white residents to the first Negro families moved into the neighborhood. (Authors/JM)