This three-volume report deals with the hypothesis that males are more successful at solving mathematical and spatial problems than females. The general relationship between visual spatial abilities and mathematical problem-solving ability is also investigated. The research sample consisted of seventh graders. Each pupil took five spatial tests and a test of mathematical problems. The spatial tests were Card Rotations, Form Board 2, and Hidden Figures 2 from the NLSMA battery; Cubes Comparison from the ETS kit; and Space Relations from the Differential Aptitude Test. Problems were chosen to make three subtests of problems differing in amount of spatial or geometric content. Level of mathematics class and IQ were also recorded for each subject. Questions about sex-differences in performance were investigated by using "t" tests; additional refinement came by analysis of variance using IQ and mathematics level data. The relationships between solving spatial problems, drawing diagrams, and solving mathematical problems are explored with a variety of correlational techniques; these include factor analysis, multiple regression analysis, and canonical correlation analysis. (MP)