ERIC Number: EJ1113843
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2016-Oct
Pages: 16
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0013-1644
EISSN: N/A
Measurement Error Correction Formula for Cluster-Level Group Differences in Cluster Randomized and Observational Studies
Cho, Sun-Joo; Preacher, Kristopher J.
Educational and Psychological Measurement, v76 n5 p771-786 Oct 2016
Multilevel modeling (MLM) is frequently used to detect cluster-level group differences in cluster randomized trial and observational studies. Group differences on the outcomes (posttest scores) are detected by controlling for the covariate (pretest scores) as a proxy variable for unobserved factors that predict future attributes. The pretest and posttest scores that are most often used in MLM are total scores. In prior research, there have been concerns regarding measurement error in the use of total scores in using MLM. In this article, using ordinary least squares and an attenuation formula, we derive the measurement error correction formula for cluster-level group difference estimates from MLM in the presence of measurement error in the outcome, the covariate, or both. Examples are provided to illustrate the correction formula in cluster randomized and observational studies using between-cluster reliability coefficients recently developed.
Descriptors: Error of Measurement, Error Correction, Multivariate Analysis, Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Cluster Grouping, Randomized Controlled Trials, Observation, Pretests Posttests, Scores, Least Squares Statistics, Reliability, Equations (Mathematics), Test Theory, Measurement Techniques
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
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