The participatory action research (PAR) process discussed in the text represents the next evolutionary stage for action research and practitioner research in education. The authors integrate process with methodology to provide an overview of the PAR process similar to professional learning communities in schools. Results of the original PAR study and continued work with educational leaders propose that this "And/Both" approach ultimately produces the effect that school leaders seek and appreciate. Key features include: (1) Guiding the reader through the PAR steps with a graphically illustrated process; (2) Providing reflective questions at the beginning of each section; (3) Presenting real-world examples; and (4) Offering tasks for working both in teams and as individuals. The book is designed as a core text for graduate courses such as Action Research for School Improvement, Research for Educational Practitioners, Practitioner Research, and Teacher as Researcher in departments of education. It can also be used as a supplemental text in other research methods courses and in data-driven decision-making courses. Following introductory material, the book contains eleven sections: (1) The Participatory Action Research Model; (2) The Tenets of PAR: Ethics, Purpose, and Logic; (3) Starting to Research; (4) Qualitative Data Collection; (5) Qualitative Analysis; (6) Quantitative Evidence; (7) Taking and Measuring Action; (8) Cycles of PAR: The Power of the Iterative Process; (9) Final Analysis and Results; (10) The Final Report; and (11) PAR for Educational Leadership. Glossary, references, index, and author information is included.