The purpose of this study is the determination of reading comprehension levels of fifth grade's students who learned to read and write with the sentence method. With the program of 2005, it has been amended in the first reading and writing method. In the teaching of first reading and writing, it was passed to the sentence method instead of sound based sentence method. Fifth grade students in this study can be considered as the last group of students who learned first reading and writing with the sentence method. This research carried out by the group who is a total of 1000 students who studying in the primary schools in Üsküdar, Kadiköy, Atasehir, Ümraniye, Bahçelievler, Bayrampasa in Istanbul. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used in this study. The application of research has been done in the 2008-2009 academic year. Achievement Test which developed by researchers were applied to fifth grade students in the elementary school. The test consist of a total of 15 questions. 10 of the questions are multiple-choice questions (closed-end) and 5 of the questions are open-ended questions. The open-ended questions were applied to 50 students who randomly selected students from thousand students. The percent of correct answer to 10 multiple-choice questions of students is 77,12%. The percent of wrong answer is 22,09%. The percent of blank answer is 0,79%. The percent of correct answer to 5 open-ended questions of students is 34%. The percent of wrong answer is 32,4%. The percent of blank answer is 34,4%. In terms of students' reading comprehension skills, it is seen to be more successful multiple-choice questions than open-ended questions.