This paper provides a synthesis of core literature of media multitasking, attention, and learning engagement. The focus, however, is on the ecologically valid assessments examining the depth-biased or breadth-biased attention and learning engagement in the media multitasking environments. We propose novel approaches to assess media multitasking including electroencephalography and virtual reality. We conclude with suggestions for some technology-enhanced and cross-disciplinary research methods for improving studies in this area.