The article explores the significant problem of developing a theoretical model of professional competence development in dual-specialty students (on the example of the "History, Religious studies" specialty). In order to validate the specifics of the professional competence development in dual-specialty students (on the example of the "History, Religious studies" specialty), we conducted the analysis of the establishment of the "professional competencies" concept. We provide theoretical validation of the structure and content of the professional competence in dual-specialty students (on the example of the "History, Religious studies" specialty). We studied, methodologically validated and developed a structure of a theoretical model of the professional competence development in dual-specialty students (on the example of the "History, Religious studies" specialty), which includes blocks, criterions, levels, methods, means and conditions for the efficiency of this process. Theoretical model of the professional competence development in dual-specialty students (on the example of the "History, Religious studies" specialty) is recommended for use during the development of the standards for dual specialties and educational programs in the higher school.