The ERIC digest examines the paradox posed to social studies educators by the new wave of immigrants and increasing ethnic diversity: namely, how do educators depict accurately and fairly the rich ethnic diversity of the United States and also teach core values of a common American heritage? With the underlying theme being the promotion of both unity and diversity, the digest discusses four aspects of the problem: (1) the meaning of education about ethnic diversity in the United States, which concentrates on core values; (2) reasons for its importance, which include enhancing students' self-concepts; (3) the place of ethnic diversity in the curriculum, which should permeate all levels; and (4) procedures for teaching about ethnic diversity in the United States, which suggest seven approaches, including unbiased examination, comparisons, positive interpersonal relationships, community resources, reading programs, and value reinforcement. A bibliography is included. (TRS)