In an attempt to secure a better understanding of why some males withdraw or refrain from entering the nation's labor force, 99 volunteers were interviewed to: (1) identify by name and address, men who are not in the labor force but who, under some circumstances, would want to work, and (2) develop techniques for identifying economic, social, and psychological reasons underlying labor force non-participation. Of those interviewed, eight were classified as "not in the labor force." Research hypotheses were: (1) Protracted, unsuccessful job searches, restriction of past employment to low-skill and low-status occupations among older unemployed workers, inadequate skills or education of out-of-school youngsters, and/or racial discrimination may produce discouragement and abandonment of active searching, and (2) A non-working male may be classified as "not in the labor force" only because he does not know how to look for work. Recommendations included: (1) further analysis of the forces which relate to the employment, unemployment, and withdrawal from the labor force of Negro males, and (2) study of one metropolitan area based upon interviews of several hundred Negro males. The appendix contains tables, recommendations for study, social-psychological variables, interview schedule development, and the interview schedule utilized. (DM)