A case study of the Nazareth Region in Israel analyzed the extension strategies used to develop the traditional Arab farming sector in an advanced agricultural surrounding. As part of the study, the history of the Arab farmer before and after the creation of the State of Israel was given. The methodology for the study involved interviews with development officers, former and present heads of the Nazareth regional extension office, extension workers who had long worked in the Arab sector and others who took part in the decision making about the development of extension for farmers in Arab villages. Results of the study indicated that the following strategies were instrumental in developing the Arab farming sector: (l) decentralizing the Israeli Extension Administration and setting up a regional office in Nazareth, the center of traditional Arab farming in Israel; (2) promoting the setting up of water cooperatives and land consolidation (interventions closely connected with problems arising out of specific, sociocultural traditions); (3) recruiting scientifically trained graduates from Faculties of Agriculture in both the Arab and Jewish sector to serve as extension workers; (4) constant pressure on extension advisers to upgrade their formal education; (5) introducing new farming approaches slowly, making small, easy changes; (6) using extension methods in line with the sociocultural approaches of the Arab farmer; and (7) interaction between the Jewish and the Arab Sectors. (Generalizations from this study to other cultural situations are also provided. An eight-item reference list is attached.) (NLL)