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ERIC Number: EJ302641
Record Type: CIJE
Publication Date: 1984
Pages: N/A
Abstractor: N/A
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: N/A
EISSN: N/A
Normative Expectations and Individual Decisions concerning Media Gratification Choices.
Lichtenstein, Allen; Rosenfeld, Lawrence
Communication Research: An International Quarterly, v11 n3 p393-413 Jul 1984
Results indicate that each of the nine media studied (newspapers, magazines, commercial and public television, books, radio, friends, recorded music, film) has a clear, socially defined image, suggesting a two-stage model of media channel utilization--normative expectations followed by individual decisions. (PD)
Descriptors: College Students, Decision Making, Expectation, Higher Education, Mass Media, Media Research, Media Selection, Models, Need Gratification, Use Studies
Publication Type: Reports - Research; Journal Articles
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A