To increase equity and inclusion for underserved and excluded Indigenous students, we must make efforts to mitigate the unique barriers they face. As their knowledge systems have been historically excluded and erased in Western science, we begin by reviewing the literature on the inclusion of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) in biology…

Self-regulated learning (SRL), which involves the regulation of cognitive, affective, metacognitive, and motivational processes, is an important construct for analyzing effective student learning in open-ended learning environments (OELEs). Novice K-12 students working on complex learning tasks in OELEs often engage in sub-optimal use of SRL…

Readers must often attempt to make sense of too much information at once. Consider a student trying to find a relevant piece of information from a long text or learn about a topic from diverse and conflicting viewpoints found on the web. Having a scaffold of this content can help the reader to make sense of it: e.g. section titles in a document…

The education of students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) in less restrictive environments (LRE) continues to be a focus and challenge for administrators and educators. This population of students often exhibit maladaptive behaviors severe enough to warrant change of placement to a restrictive environment. The Individuals with…

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) have emerged as valuable systems to promote active learning. It is critical to build accurate student models to support the learning process. In order to provide efficient and effective personalized instructions for students, tracking a student's time-varying knowledge state is essential to an ITS. Prior…