This document is designed to give support to adult education and family literacy instructors who are new to serving adult English language learners and their families in rural, urban, and faith- and community-based programs. The Toolkit is designed to have a positive impact on the teaching and learning in these programs. The results of two surveys helped shape the content of the Toolkit. In addition to the two surveys, a focus group was convened in January 2004, in Washington, DC, to obtain perspectives from practitioners across the country regarding the challenges that they experience in serving adult English language learners and to garner recommendations for the Toolkit. Participants represented adult education and family literacy practitioners from various backgrounds: (a) practitioners experienced in serving English language learners and their families and those new to the field; (b) practitioners from rural programs and those from urban centers; and (c) practitioners from faith-based programs and those from state-funded programs. Their recommendations are reflected in the Toolkit. This document provides a variety of materials to help practitioners meet the language and literacy development needs of the adult learners they serve. It begins with Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) that address general aspects of adult ESL and family literacy instruction. The Toolkit is divided into the following sections: (1) Background Information; (2) Activity Packets; (3) Parent Education in Family Literacy Programs; (4) Issues in Adult ESL Education and Family Literacy; and (5) Resources.