This volume contains suggested curriculum guidelines for an effective bilingual program, with specific focus on Spanish language skills for the third grade level. The philosophy of the program views bilingual education as a vehicle and pedagogical tool to be used to better prepare all children to function in society. The point of departure for…

This volume contains suggested curriculum guidelines for an effective bilingual program, with specific focus on Spanish language skills for the second grade level. The philosophy of the program views bilingual education as a vehicle and pedagogical tool to be used to better prepare all children to function in society. The point of departure for…

The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), signed in 1965, was a pivotal civil rights law to address the dream of equitable education for all children on the mainland and in U.S. territories. The ESEA was followed by the Bilingual Education Act (BEA), signed by President Johnson in 1968. The BEA specifically addressed the necessities of…

This article traces the ways in which New York City schools have responded to the multilingualism of its children in the last forty years. I review here the past to construct the future--the future of the past. I argue that in the predominantly Puerto Rican community of the 1960s and 1970s a simple approach toward languages and bilingualism in…

This volume presents suggested curriculum guidelines for an effective bilingual program, with specific focus on instruction in health, science, social studies, New Mexico history, English as a second language, and multiculturalism, at the second grade level. The philosophy of the program views bilingual education as a vehicle and pedagogical tool…

This volume presents suggested curriculum guidelines for an effective bilingual program, with specific focus on instruction in health, science, social studies, New Mexico history, English as a second language, and multiculturalism, at the third grade level. The philosophy of the program views bilingual education as a vehicle and pedagogical tool…

This volume presents suggested curriculum guidelines for an effective bilingual program, with specific focus on instruction in health, science, social studies, New Mexico history, English as a second language, and multiculturalism, at the fourth grade level. The philosophy of the program views bilingual education as a vehicle and pedagogical tool…

This volume presents suggested curriculum guidelines for an effective bilingual program, with specific focus on instruction in health, science, social studies, New Mexico history, English as a second language, and multiculturalism, at the first grade level. The philosophy of the program views bilingual education as a vehicle and pedagogical tool…