The purpose of this study is to determine factors affecting role stress and burnout among practicing school counselors as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey (MBI-ES) and the Role Conflict and Ambiguity Scale. The MBI-ES utilizes three subscales to measure burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment, while the Role Conflict and Ambiguity Scale utilizes two subscales to measure role stress: role conflict and role ambiguity. It was hypothesized that no differences would be found across the subscales between school counselors working in urban and non-urban settings and between school counselors with and without previous teaching experience. Instruments were administered to volunteers who were in attendance at the American School Counselor Association National Conference in Atlanta, GA. In addition to the burnout and role stress instruments, participants completed a short demographic questionnaire. Results of the study did not produce any significant differences between factors across the subscales. The lack of differences, however, indicated a need for further research based on the limitations of the study. Applications for school counselor education programs, as well as recommendations for future research are included in the study. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]