While problem identification is a key stage in creative problem solving, many gifted students may rush to begin developing solutions before they have spent sufficient time accurately identifying the underlying problem or opportunity. As a result, they may develop irrelevant or hackneyed solutions. Despite the importance of problem finding,…

Computational thinking (CT) is considered a fundamental skill that everyone in the 21st century should have. Game-based learning (GBL) may be used to teach CT, and it's necessary to clarify how to design and implement game-based CT teaching. The literature was systematically searched for empirical studies published between 2011 and 2021.…

The purposes of this research were 1) to study the components and indicators of learning skills in the 21st century of the students, 2) to study the current conditions, desirable conditions and the need for learning skills development in the 21st century of the students, and 3) to develop strategies for the 21st learning skills development of…

New York City is one of several large school districts around the country that are actively working to promote "computer science for all" students. Launched in 2015, NYC's CS4All initiative aims to ensure that all public school students learn computer science--especially female, Black, and Latinx students, who are starkly…

Policymakers and practitioners at the local, state, and federal levels have invested considerable time and energy into solving the problem of turning around chronically low-performing schools. As the U.S. Department of Education (the Department) has refined the federal effort to support states and districts to turn schools around, it has adopted…

Technology and engineering (TE) educators have long championed the infusion of mathematics into technology curriculum, especially to enhance TE learning goals and demonstrate "connections between technology and other fields of study." There is a need for curriculum development and professional development initiatives to purposefully…

Case-based pedagogy as a strategy to effectively weave theory, practice, and problem-solving in preservice teacher preparation has resulted in a national team case competition. Teams of preservice teachers from five teacher preparation institutions were invited to the University of Virginia to independently solve a classroom dilemma, present a…

This fourth yearbook on research on mathematics teaching in Finland contains five articles, four in English and the fifth in German. "Mathematics as a Cognitive Science" (C. Letteri) examines cognitive aspects related to teaching and learning mathematics, with the focus on the different levels of comprehension and an analysis of basic…

TOPS, a set of materials designed to improve problem solving instruction, was evaluated in two large urban school districts from Fall 1980 to Spring 1982. At Site A, the program was implemented at the middle school level (grades 5-8), where most mathematics teachers were specialists; they accepted the problem-solving activities after some initial…

Presents results of an experiment enabling students to develop their own cognitive and metacognitive strategies to promote autonomous learning in mathematical problem solving, knowledge acquisition, and written composition. Explains that students dealt with models of teachers' and classmates' cognitive performances and monitored their own…

This report builds a case for survey feedback as a useful method of assisting schools to respond actively, rather than passively, to uncertainty and complexity in the school environment. The main argument is that passive responses, such as defensiveness and buffering, reduce educational effectiveness. Planning, an active response, creates…

Case-based teaching as a strategy to effectively weave theory, practice, and problem-solving into the preservice teacher education curriculum is gaining momentum in the preparation of future teachers. Teacher educators have discovered that the case study method provides a valuable link to the "real world" of teaching as well as…

In 1975-76 the Educational Improvement Center field tested a program to provide instructional leaders with knowledge and skills in planning and organizational development and to create a functioning network of instructional change agents. Participants were instructional leaders such as principals, superintendents, media specialists, and head…

This document presents findings of the Assessment of School-Based Management Study, which identified the conditions in schools that promote high performance through school-based management (SBM). The study's conceptual framework was based on Edward E. Lawler's (1986) model. The high-involvement framework posits that four resources must spread…

The booklet discusses results of a values education survey of teachers and administrators and examines issues, curriculum, and teaching techniques in values education. The report is intended for use by pre- and inservice teachers and teacher educators as they develop awareness of values and devise strategies to transmit this awareness to students.…