The objective of research in contraceptive evaluation is to improve the ability of individuals to choose contraceptive methods best suited to their needs and circumstances and to provide information that will lead to the development of safer and more effective methods. There are usually three considerations in judging the importance of a method of contraception; (1) the number of people using it; (2) its success in regulating fertility; and (3) the mortality and morbidity associated with its use. In this report, five methods of contraception are discussed: oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices, barrier methods, female sterilization, and male sterilization. Each section contains information on the current state of knowledge and directions for future research. High-priority recommendations for research initiatives during the next 5 years are presented in the final summary, along with the general criteria that were considered in developing the recommendations. (JD)