Although education reforms have been designed to improve academic achievement for all students, there may be intervening factors, such as teacher expectations, that interfere with the success of these initiatives. This ethnographic case study examined student and teacher perspectives on an urban high school reform, and how that reform was…

Judge Robert Carter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) argued that White supremacy is the leading cause of de facto segregation. However, White supremacy is still undertheorized in educational leadership. Through the lens of Charles Mills' racial contract, this article interprets a controversy surrounding…

Critical Race Theory and Critical Whiteness Studies assert colorblindness flourishes when most urban teachers who are White feel emotionally uncomfortable to engage in dynamics of race in the classroom. Colorblind ideology distorts urban teaching because it presumes (a) many White teachers are missionaries trained to save and (b) urban schools are…