An instructional model, labeled "direct instruction," which contains general principles that can form the basis for in-service teacher training in teaching basic skills in reading and mathematics, is described. (JD)

This article examines the abilities children exercise in a variety of record-making activities, including mapping, quantification, and music notation. The ways teachers and educational climates promote different versions of literacy are discussed. Children's conceptions of literacy are examined. (JL)

Children's conceptions about literacy at the end of the first grade were studied. Children learned in one of three language arts curricula. Their skill levels were then compared, and suggestions were made for teachers to help children see reading and writing as holistic skills, beyond their functional necessity. (JL)

This article summarizes and provides perspective on recent developments in foreign-language learning. It sketches the theoretical and research bases for communicative language teaching and outlines a five-component approach to shaping a curriculum. (MT)

A rationale and an eight-step process for the integration of language and culture in the second-language classroom is presented. Frequently asked questions are answered and suggestions for implementation of this integrative language/culture learning process are made. (MT)

Ethnic mother tongue (EMT) language teaching is necessary if non-English native speakers in United States schools are to achieve the vocabulary, syntactic sophistication, and literacy in their mother tongue that comes from school learning. Recommendations, impressions, and descriptions of EMT teaching are presented. (MT)

Two examples of typical high school economics classes illustrate how such instruction frequently suffers from mediocre teaching and student disengagement. It is suggested that a curriculum focusing on economic reasoning could improve instruction and promote student interest. (CB)

This article identifies some behaviorial approaches for teaching economics at the pre-college level, including contiguity, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and social learning. The cognitive school of thought is also considered. Implications of research on problem-solving are drawn. (CB)

Teaching strategies used in fifth-grade classrooms which illustrate three teacher orientations--learning, work, and a lack of work or learning orientation--are described. Six interrelated strategies that support the orientation include: framing lessons; attention focus and redirection; treatment of errors; responsibility for learning and…

This article explores the dynamic, interactive relationship between texts and their teacher- and student-readers and suggests instructional and educational implications resulting from these interactions. (DF)

The Reading Recovery Program, a staff development process providing teachers with a framework for observing teaching and learning, requires close observation and analysis of children in the process of reading and staff development team members to observe each other as they work with children. (CB)

Teachers can improve their practice by listening to, reflecting on, and making sense of practice. Sensemaking strategies include: deductive thinking; inductive thinking; and transductive thinking. (CB)

Francis Wayland Parker's approach to education was based on a belief that children learn when they deal with meaningful things from their daily life. Art education allows the child to explore many forms through attending and expression modes. (DF)

The Ohio State University artist-in-the-schools program was developed to introduce ideas about dance as an art form. Dance experiences allow the child to view the aesthetic dimension of movement and heighten kinesthetic awareness and bodily intelligence. (DF)

A discussion of the role of drama in education is presented which includes historical background and current trends. Problems that have developed in curriculum development are offered. (DF)