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Jennings, Jennifer; Sohn, Heeju – Sociology of Education, 2014
How do proficiency-based accountability systems affect inequality in academic achievement? This article reconciles mixed findings in the literature by demonstrating that three factors jointly determine accountability's impact. First, by analyzing student-level data from a large urban school district, we find that when educators face accountability…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Accountability, High Stakes Tests, Standards