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Direct linkBretz, Stacey Lowery; Emenike, Mary Elizabeth – School Science and Mathematics, 2012
Chemical principles are taught in elementary education across much of the United States because the "National Science Education Standards" include concepts about the nature of matter, states of matter, and changes in matter among other science concepts within the first to fifth grade levels. "Chemicals" is a word related to the nature of matter…
Descriptors: Elementary School Science, Prior Learning, Grade 4, Scientific Concepts
Liu, Xiufeng – School Science and Mathematics, 2006
Using the US national sample from the 1995 Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), this study examined students' competence levels in understanding the matter concept at grades 3, 4, 7, 8 and high school graduation, and compared them to the expectations in the US national science education standards. It was found that…
Descriptors: Mechanics (Physics), Science Curriculum, Scientific Literacy, Chemistry
