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Lund, Thorleif – Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 2021
The purpose of this paper is to propose a revision of the well-known Campbellian system for causal research. The revised system, termed the COPS model, applies to both applied and basic research. Five validities are included, where two validities are adopted from the Campbellian system, and the validities are partly hierarchically ordered.…
Descriptors: Research, Validity, Causal Models, Measurement
Lund, Thorleif – Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 2012
One purpose of the present paper is to elaborate 4 general advantages of the mixed methods approach. Another purpose is to propose a 5-phase evaluation design, and to demonstrate its usefulness for mixed methods research. The account is limited to research on groups in need of treatment, i.e., vulnerable groups, and the advantages of mixed methods…
Descriptors: Mixed Methods Research, Evaluation Methods, Qualitative Research, Statistical Analysis
Peer reviewed
Lund, Thorleif – Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 1999
Accounts for the paradox posed by F. Lord (1967) concerning the logic behind statistical adjustment with preexisting groups in both causal and descriptive terms. The account of the paradox illustrates the need for causal metamodels. (Author/SLD)
Descriptors: Causal Models, Statistical Analysis