Discusses how women such as Amy Morris Homans, Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Mary Wollstonecraft transgressed boundaries, allowing others to transcend old boundary limitations in physical education, examining the Boston Normal School of Gymnastics established for training women as directors of physical education over 100 years ago…

Uses a feminist approach to examine male dominance and sex segregation in coaching, focusing on three approaches used to explain the situation (individual, structural, and social relational). The article recommends using the social relations approach to define coaching, exploring the interconnectedness of several social relations simultaneously.…

Explores the pursuit of equal opportunity for girls in school physical education through liberal reform strategies. Addresses ways in which unequal power relations between the sexes have pervaded the structure, organization, and language of high school physical education. British Columbia's new Physical Education Curriculum 2000 is offered as a…

Pursuing excellence in sport discriminates against women. Alongside the primary texts of the glories of excellence runs a subtext of inequality and discrimination. The paper traces the idea of sport as a quest for excellence through various interpretations of the meaning of sport, discussing excellence as a socially constructed concept. (SM)

Consequences of nonconformity to hegemonic femininity in sport often include sexist and heterosexist discrimination. This leads many sportswomen to emphasize feminine characteristics to avoid prejudice and discrimination. Females perceived as too feminine are sexualized and trivialized, leaving women to carefully balance athleticism with hegemonic…