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From Segregation to Strengths: A Personal History of Special Education
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Wehmeyer, Michael L. – Phi Delta Kappan, 2022
Author Michael Wehmeyer began his career in special education shortly after the passage of the 1975 Education for All Handicapped Children Act (which later became the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, or IDEA). In those early days, he recounts, students with disability were mostly segregated from other children, and many of the adults…
Descriptors: Special Education, Educational History, Students with Disabilities, Equal Education
Parents and Litigation: Insights from a Special Education Law Clinic
Curtis, Steven E. – Phi Delta Kappan, 2005
Prior to the mid-1970s, over one million children with disabilities were excluded from the nation's schools. In 1975, as a result of intense litigation and advocacy, Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA, P.L. 94-142), now called the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), mandating that public schools…
Descriptors: Educational Legislation, Federal Legislation, Compliance (Legal), Special Needs Students
High Court Requires Schools to Provide Catheterization Services under 94-142.
Flygare, Thomas J. – Phi Delta Kappan, 1984
The United States Supreme Court requires school districts to provide catheterization services for handicapped students, in accordance with Public Law 94-142, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. (DCS)
Descriptors: Access to Education, Court Litigation, Elementary Secondary Education, School Responsibility
Supreme Court Holds that P.L. 94-142 Does Not Require Sign-Language Interpreters for Deaf Students.
Flygare, Thomas J. – Phi Delta Kappan, 1982
In June of 1982 a Supreme Court decision held that Public Law 94-142 requires only that handicapped students be provided access to specialized instruction and related services designed to provide educational benefit. (Author/JM)
Descriptors: Court Litigation, Deaf Interpreting, Deafness, Disabilities
Suspension, Expulsion, and the Special Education Student.
Lichtenstein, Edward – Phi Delta Kappan, 1980
Notes that expulsion and suspension are incompatible with the goals of P.L. 94-142 and, therefore, are not available to schools as a discipline measure for special students. Outlines options the schools can create to deal with disruptive handicapped students. (IRT)
Descriptors: Court Litigation, Elementary Secondary Education, Expulsion, Handicapped Students
Recent Court Decisions Could Greatly Increase Cost of Special Education Programs.
Flygare, Thomas J. – Phi Delta Kappan, 1980
Notes two court cases that could have a significant effect on the cost of providing special education. In one case, a district was forced to provide a sign-language interpreter for a deaf student; in the other, a district was forced to provide year-round instruction for severely impaired students. (IRT)
Descriptors: Children, Costs, Court Litigation, Deafness
Severely Disabled Children: Who Pays?
McCarthy, Martha M. – Phi Delta Kappan, 1991
In 1989, the U.S. Supreme Court declined to review a First Circuit Court of Appeals decision interpreting federal law as requiring school districts to provide educational services for every handicapped child. This article reviews legal developments pertaining to severely handicapped children's educational needs, analyzes the "Timothy W."…
Descriptors: Costs, Court Litigation, Elementary Secondary Education, Financial Problems
The Establishment Clause as Antiremedy.
Huefner, Steven – Phi Delta Kappan, 1991
The establishment clause is a critical protection in our society, but it can be misconstrued. In "Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School District," the U.S. District Court in Arizona, following "Aguilar v. Felton" without discussion, denied a deaf boy attending a religiously affiliated school an interpreter. Using vouchers for…
Descriptors: Court Litigation, Deaf Interpreting, Disabilities, Educational Vouchers